![]() ![]() Working miners, and the unemployed- who patiently assisted theĬhapter I. Of residents of southern Illinois- particularly to union officials, Warm thanks are extended also to the scores Stryker, of the HistoricalĮction, Division of Information, Farm Security Administration, for Supervised the preparat,ion of tabular and graphic materials andĪssisted in the analysis to Albert Westefcld, who assisted in theĪnalysis of chapter Vll to Frances McDonald, who prepared the Pecial aspects of the community to Rebecca Pfefferman, who Smith, who conducted research into the history and other Patterns among the long unemployed to William G. Greenwood, who supervised the survey of buying Northrop, who snpervised the census of population and lmemployment to Elizabeth J. The present study was made m the Division of Reseorch w1der theĭirection of Howard B. Most cases disappear with the passing of the national emergency.Īggravated crisis within the depresseJ areas \\ill be among America's Unemployment, is likely to be much slower than might be hoped for.Īnd whatever improvement the depressed areas may enjoy will in Unemployment, waiting as it must upon the solution of N ation-wicle Such developments do not justify a complacent outlook upon tlw c jobs of its own at the War Department's proposed ordnance Two year from now the coal field e:Kpects to have 6,000 newĭefen. Ince this report was written, coal-field unemployment has alreadyīeen slightly reduced by the emigration of young workers to defenseĪreas. Outhern lliinoi, for example, the immed iate prosprct is not totallyīlack, in spite of the continued stagnation of the local coal industry. Relief of one kind or another to many of the depressed arras. The ational defense program will e,rn tu ally bring temporary The people must mo,e away- obviously there are no other solutions. Either theĬlecw1ing industry mu L be rejuvenated, or it mu t be supplanted, or The conditions necessary for the dissolution of the depressed areasĪr c of course implicit in the circumstances of theu: origin. Have reached their most productive years without ever having held n.Įarly half the peo ple are dependent on public aid year after T housands of youth, blocked from entering industry, Thousands of good workers lrnve bad no jobs for Thus, intense local unemployment ha!' become almost a normal Size of the area's population bas suffered only a slight decline over a Meanwhile-and this is the third essential of the problem-the Their fu-st industry and to create their first lasting job in Franklin, By 1941, however, these campn.igns had still to win For two generations coal-town businessmen haveĬampaigned ardently for "outside industry" to supplant the decliningĬoal in dustry. Secondly, no new industries have appenred to fill this gap in theĪrea's economy. Not l1 alted this trend at the begin11ing of 1941 the southern IllinoisĬoal mines employed fewer men than at any time during the preceding Receiit years of Nation-wide recovery have :Ii Fra.nklin, Saline, and Williamson coal mines- the area's solf' industry- ha.ve today disappeared, swept away by either min(' abandonment or mechanization. Lhe first place, tlll'ee out of every fom jobs which formerly existed in The southern Illinois problem, as the report shows, is threefold. °" 1 arc the subj('ct of the pre e11t, report. ![]() These threeĬomities, and especially seven selected coal to,n1s within the ('OllnLies, Southern Illinois coal field, constitute 011(' sucli ns('a. Within them W('l'CĬoncentrated about one-tenth of the total 1,ited States population,Ībout one-si,-.::th of all the unemployed, abont one-fifth of all theįranklin, Saline, and Williamson Cow1ties, 111., a part of the ![]() Before the initiation of the nationalĭefense program, one could identify some fifty-odd separate, chronically depr('ssed arens scattered across tbP countrr. WPA bears responsibility for relieving their extra.ordinary unemployment burdell, and, indeed, for preventing utter collapse in these communities which private industry has abandoned. More than any other agency of the Government, the United States has long been of particular concern to the Work ProjectsĪdministration. Sm: T he problem of" derelict," economically wrecked areas in the UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON
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